Omega-3 fatty acids favorably linked cardiovascular risk factors

Anupam Chandra has looked at cross-sectional associations between fatty acid levels in plasma and cardiovascular risk factors in the general population.


MAIN RESULTS:

  1. Marine omega-3 fatty acids and linoleic acid are linked to lower cardiovascular risk.
  2. Levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids are low and no treat to cardiovascular health in Norwegian men and women.

THESIS DEFENCE:

Thesis: Fatty acids and cardiovascular risk factors in a Norwegian general population. Data from the Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 1950 Study
Candidate: Anupam Chandra
Time: October 23, 2020 at 12:15
Place: Online-based solution, due to the covid-19 situation
Link to university website


SUMMARY:

Chandra’s research is a part of the Akershus Cardiac Examination 1950 Study (ACE 1950). This cohort study was performed between 2012 and 2015, and includes 3,706 women and men born in 1950 and living in Akershus County.

(1) Middle-aged men and women with higher levels of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have lower levels of several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including triglycerides, body mass index, C-reactive protein and LDL-cholesterol. Moreover, HDL-cholesterol is higher in persons with higher levels of marine omega-3 fatty acids. In persons with diabetes, high levels are also associated with lower glycated hemoglobin.

Those with higher levels of marine omega-3 fatty acids generally were more physically active, smoked less and had higher education than those with lower levels.

(2) Also linoleic acid levels are linked to cardivascular risk factors: The higher levels, the lower triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, blood pressure, body mass index and fasting plasma glucose. High levels are also associated with better renal function.

(3) Levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids are low in blood samples from middle-aged Norwegian men and women, and current intake does not constitute a threat to cardiovascular health. Still, higher levels are linked to significantly higher levels of triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, blood pressure and C-reactive protein.

Higher levels of ruminant trans fatty acids are, on the other hand, linked to more favorable levels of cardiovascular risk factorsNon-smokers with higher education and lower alcohol consumption generally have higher than average levels of industrially produced trans fatty acid in plasma.


REFERENCES:

(1) Chandra, A., Røsjø, H., Eide, I. A., Vigen, T., Ihle-Hansen, H., Orstad, E. B., Rønning, O. M., Lyngbakken, M. N., Berge, T., Schmidt, E. B., Omland, T., Tveit, A., & Svensson, M. (2020). Plasma marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular risk factors: data from the ACE 1950 study. European journal of nutrition59(4), 1505-1515.

(2) Chandra, A., Røsjø, H., Svensson, M., Vigen, T., Ihle-Hansen, H., Orstad, E. B., Rønning, O. M., Lyngbakken, M. N., Nygård, S., Berge, T., Schmidt, E. B., Omland, T., Tveit, A., & Eide, I. A. (2020). Plasma linoleic acid levels and cardiovascular risk factors: results from the Norwegian ACE 1950 Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1-11.

(3) Chandra, A., Lyngbakken, M. N., Eide, I. A., Røsjø, H., Vigen, T., Ihle-Hansen, H., Orstad, E. B., Rønning, O. M., Berge, T., Schmidt, E. B., Tveit, A., Omland, T., & Svensson, M. (2020). Plasma Trans Fatty Acid Levels, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Lifestyle: Results from the Akershus Cardiac Examination 1950 Study. Nutrients12(5), 1419.

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